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 Feb. 28, 2024, 3:32 PM +07 / Source: CNBC.com By Evelyn Cheng, CNBC BEIJING — China is beefing up national security measures by expanding its protections of state secrets to include a broad category of “work secrets.” Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday signed an order to formally adopt revisions to a law on “Guarding State Secrets,” according to state media, which reported that legislators passed the Los Angeles McCormick’s California Vintage Defunct Baseball Teams T-shirt but in fact I love this updated law at a meeting earlier that day. The new rules, set to take effect May 1, describe how precautions taken for state secrets should also apply to unclassified information known as work secrets. The law broadly defines work secrets as information that would result in an “adverse impact” if leaked, and said specific measures would be released separately. More from CNBC China’s Country Garden gets liquidation petition from creditor Why South Korea’s Japan-style measures to boost its stock market may not work Apple cancels plans to build an electric car That article on work secrets is “the most problematic,” said Jeremy Daum, a senior fellow at Yale Law School’s Paul Tsai China Center. “There is a risk that individual departments will overzealously identify matters as ‘work secrets,’” Daum said. He also founded the website China Law Translate, which published an unofficial English translation of the new rules. “This limits the public right to know and also exposes people to potential liability.” While China regularly discloses a certain amount of information about government plans and economic data, the country is often considered more opaque relative to many developed countries. For example, high-level officials in China have disappeared from public view without formal explanation. Policies, even those that support businesses, don’t always come with specific implementation dates. Last year, new Chinese laws on espionage and foreign policy included catch-all phrases such as “state secrets” that were left open to interpretation by authorities. Separate rules on what kinds of data foreign businesses in China can send out of the country have yet to provide formal clarity on what qualifies as “important data” and is thus subject to export restrictions. “For

Los Angeles McCormick's California Vintage Defunct Baseball Teams T-shirt

foreign businesses, it’s the Los Angeles McCormick’s California Vintage Defunct Baseball Teams T-shirt but in fact I love this lack of clarity that will remain an unquantified risk to doing business in China,” Daum said. “The addition of work secrets, and mention of information that becomes secret only after being aggregated with other information, all creates concern that one might accidentally infringe secret information,” he said. “In practice, however, protection of state secrets has previously been stretched to encompass seemingly benign situations, and foreign businesses have still remained.” Growing national security concerns The updated state secrets law comes as Beijing and Washington increasingly cite national security risks when announcing new restrictions for business. “The new law will add to a general sense among the foreign business community that the Chinese leadership’s preoccupation with national security has made the country’s operating environment more difficult,” said Gabriel Wildau, managing director at consulting firm Teneo. “China’s economic growth outlook remains the key factor influencing foreign investment decisions, but the secrets law adds another disincentive at the margin,” he said. Recommended ANIMAL NEWS Over 100 rabbits taken from California ‘backyard hoarding situation’ — and the number could grow The rules designate state secrets as information that, if leaked, “might harm” China’s security and interests in politics, economics, national defense, foreign affairs, technology and other fields, according to China Law Translate. The law also retained restrictions for overseas travel by people currently or recently working with state secrets. “I don’t know that their coverage will be meaningfully expanded by the revisions, but the holistic view of national security, a theme running through this law and other recent security laws, has generally placed some barriers on travel,” Daum said. “A document on counter-espionage precautions released a few years back required a wide range of persons traveling in their professional capacity to have briefings on security prior

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